Thai Basil
โหระพา
Horapha: sweet basil with an anise edge, for green curry and stir-fries.
Thai sweet basil has purple stems, purple flower buds and pointed green leaves with a strong scent of anise and liquorice. It is sturdier than Italian basil, so it holds up well in hot curries and stir-fries.
| Pronunciation | hor-ra-paa |
|---|---|
| Flavour | Sweet, anise and liquorice, slightly spicy |
| Used in | Green and red curries, stir-fries, noodle soups, larb |
| Substitute | Italian basil with a few fennel fronds or a pinch of anise |
Thailand’s three basils
- Thai sweet basil (horapha): anise-scented, used in curries, stir-fries and as a raw side herb.
- Holy basil (kra pao): peppery and clove-like, always cooked, the star of pad kra pao.
- Lemon basil (maenglak): lemon-scented, used in some soups, kanom jeen, and its seeds in desserts and drinks.
How to cook with it
In curries, stir in a big handful of leaves right at the end of cooking, after you turn off the heat; they wilt in seconds and keep their perfume. In stir-fries, add it in the last 10 seconds.
Raw, it is served in the plate of herbs that comes with larb, nam tok and noodle soups, and with Vietnamese-style dishes such as pho, where diners tear leaves into their bowl.
Buying and storing
Choose bunches with perky, unspotted leaves. Basil hates the cold: in the fridge the leaves turn black within a day or two. Instead, trim the stems and stand them in a glass of water on the kitchen counter, loosely covered with a bag, like a bouquet. It keeps for several days this way.
Grow your own
Thai basil grows easily from seed in a sunny spot or on a windowsill in summer. Pinch out the flower buds to keep the plant producing leaves.
Cook’s tipAdd Thai basil after you turn off the heat. Its fragrance is volatile, and a minute of boiling cooks most of it away.
More Vegetables
- Lemongrass ตะไคร้
- Galangal ข่า
- Makrut Lime มะกรูด
- Holy Basil กะเพรา
- Bird’s Eye Chilli พริกขี้หนู
- Coriander Root รากผักชี
- Thai Eggplant มะเขือเปราะ
- Pea Eggplant มะเขือพวง
- Yard-long Beans ถั่วฝักยาว
- Morning Glory ผักบุ้ง
- Green Papaya มะละกอดิบ
- Thai Shallots หอมแดง
- Pandan Leaf ใบเตย
- Garlic กระเทียม
- Fresh Turmeric ขมิ้น
- Ginger ขิง
- Dried Red Chillies พริกแห้ง
- Mint สะระแหน่
- Sawtooth Coriander ผักชีฝรั่ง
- Coriander Leaves ผักชี
- Bean Sprouts ถั่วงอก
- Garlic Chives กุยช่าย
- Pickled Mustard Greens ผักกาดดอง
- Fingerroot กระชาย
- Lemon Basil แมงลัก
- Chinese Kale คะน้า
- Bamboo Shoots หน่อไม้
- Banana Blossom หัวปลี
- Cha-om ชะอม
- Stink Bean สะตอ
- Winged Bean ถั่วพู
- Water Mimosa ผักกระเฉด
- Pumpkin ฟักทอง
Recipes with Thai Basil
Curries
Green Curry with Chicken (Gaeng Keow Wan Gai)
A homemade green curry paste fried in cracked coconut cream, with chicken thigh, Thai aubergines and a fistful of Thai basil.
65 min · Medium